Peer-Reviewed Academic Journal
Continental Journal of Applied Sciences
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Assessment of Some Physicochemical Parameters and Heavy Metals in Ground Water From Sandy Areas of Argungu Emirate, Kebbi State, Nigeria

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Abstract

Some physicochemical parameters and heavy metals contents of some water were obtained from four Local Government Headquarters of Argungu Emirate of Kebbi State Nigeria. Spectrometry, colorimetry, complexometry, gravimetry and titrimetry were the main methods applied. Results of the parameters obtained ranged as: temperature (29.83-32.530C), conductivity (17.07-515 µScm-1), total suspended soil, (TSS) (0.00-2500 mg/l), total dissolved solids (TDS) (80.33-670 mg/l), turbidity (0.00-1.90 NTU), chloride (Cl-) (0.002-0.07 mg/l), nitrate (NO3-) (0.04-6.41 mg/l), nitrite (NO2-) (0.01-0.08 mg/l), total hardness (CaCO3) (21.69-54.86 mg/l), sulphate (SO42-) (27.44-40.47 mg/l), phosphate (PO43-) (0.26-0.45 mg/l), biological oxygen demand (BOD) (14.13-37.80 mg/l) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) (1.60-9.87 mg/l).The levels of heavy metals in mg/l were detected using an Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) and showed ranges as: Cu (0.000-0.032), Co (1.270-1.502), Cr (0.037-0.110), Mn (0.004-0.143), Ni (0.003-0.419) and Pb (0.017-0.122). The results of the physicochemical parameters of the water samples indicated that temperature, conductivity, turbidity, chloride, nitrate, total hardness, sulphate, phosphate and COD were all within permissible limits set by World Health Organization (WHO) and Nigerian Industrial Standard (NIS) in all the water samples. TSS, TDS and BOD were within the limits in most of the samples and nitrite was above the limit in most of the samples. The results of the heavy metals indicated that only Cu was within the permissible limit in all the samples. Mn was within the limit in most of the samples, Cr and Ni were above the limits in most of the samples, while Co and Pb were above the limits in the entire samples. The study thus revealed that most of the water samples were slightly polluted with the heavy metals and few physicochemical parameters.

 

Keywords

#Argungu #Kebbi #Physicochemical Parameters #Heavy Metals and Boreholes Water.
Publication Date April 28, 2026
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) 10.5281/zenodo.1193935
Journal Volume & Issue Vol 13